Innovative technologies for kindergarten according to the Federal State Educational Standard. Modern educational technologies in dow

Innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions in the work of educators are the latest methods of organizing the educational process used by employees of preschool educational institutions, which have a positive effect on learning, help to increase the effectiveness of methods of teaching and raising children, and intensive development of intelligence in preschool age.

Types of innovative pedagogical technologies in preschool educational institutions

The nature of the tools used (methods, techniques, software and hardware) determines the specifics of the educational model, depending on which different types are distinguished:

gaming;
design;
problem learning;
using information and communication means;
cooperation and group activities;
personality-oriented, etc.

Information and Communication Technologies

Information and communication technologies (ICT) of preschool education are a set of educational and methodological materials based on the use of technical means and software in the upbringing of children and aimed at improving the pedagogical activity of employees of preschool institutions.

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ICT provides for the use of educational videos, audio recordings, multimedia presentations, electronic manuals, etc. in the pedagogical process.

In addition to computer equipment and output devices (multimedia projectors, screens), interactive whiteboards are widely used, the work with which involves not passive perception of information, but dynamic interaction.

Depending on the purpose of using technical means, the following types of ICT implementation in the educational process are distinguished:

way of relaying new knowledge;

a tool for self-knowledge and creative development of the child;

object of study;

means of automated control of results and subsequent correction of training.

The use of information tools and electronic educational complexes has a number of advantages:

integrates audiovisual information, develops mental perception of the child;

makes it possible to simulate unexpected situations that are not typical for everyday life;

activates the attention of children through illustrative material;

in a fun way develops computer skills and multimedia applications at an early age.

Problem-based learning technology is a set of techniques and methods that ensure the formation of a child's independent cognitive activity and the development of creative thinking by overcoming mental difficulties caused by a lack of knowledge. The purpose of this method is to master the general principles of independent learning.

The specificity of the technology lies in the fact that the teacher only defines the problem, and then provides preschoolers with the opportunity, based on previously acquired knowledge and acquired skills, to find solutions. To involve preschoolers in cognitive activities, the problem situation must correspond to the available level of complexity and be implemented in a fun way.

The solution of the problem task is carried out under the guidance of the educator according to the following algorithm:

Awareness of the contradiction inherent in the task.

Formation of a hypothesis of its resolution.

Joint search for confirmation of the hypothesis.

Formulation of a conclusion that clarifies cause-and-effect relationships and expands knowledge about the subject.

The described algorithm assumes a sufficient level of development of analytical thinking, which is why it is advisable to use problem technologies in groups of older preschool age.

Project technology is understood as a teaching methodology that ensures the consistent fulfillment by children of an educational, research or creative task aimed at creating a project.

This method is based on individual interests and increases the independent activity of kindergarten students. The knowledge acquired during the preparation of the project becomes part of their personal experience.

A distinctive feature of the activity under consideration for preschool institutions is the specific nature of cooperation in which children, teachers and parents take part in the preparation of materials. This is due to the fact that the child is not aware of the contradictions in the world around him, as a result, there is a need for active involvement of an adult to formulate a problem, determine intention and goal setting.

Depending on the type of activity being implemented, training projects are divided into:

gaming (involving the performance of distributed roles by children in fictional situations);

creative (aimed at revealing creative potential, provide for the creation of a holiday, an exhibition of drawings, favorite toys, etc.);

practice-oriented (focused on results and associated with the formation of the child's social values: planting and caring for a plant, creating a family tree, a story about one's future profession);

cognitive (gathering information about some object of reality, modeling the process).

The project is always limited in time, but the knowledge gained is used after its completion. For this purpose, materials can be collected in an interactive folder (lapbook). It is a mini-book with envelopes, pockets and drop-down windows. It accumulates material

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Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution

Kindergarten No. 480 of the combined view of the city of Chelyabinsk

innovativetechnologiesinbring upandandtrainingandchildreninchildren'sgarden

Prepared by: Fazylova D.T.

Chelyabinsk 2015

" Rebbenok brought up different accidents his surrounding. Pedagogy must to give direction this accidents. " (AT.F.Odoevsky)

The process of reorganization of the entire education system, which has been going on for many years, makes high demands on the organization of preschool education and training, on the search for new, more effective psychological and pedagogical approaches to this process.

Innovative processes at the present stage of development of society affect, first of all, the system of preschool education, as the initial stage of revealing the potential abilities of the child. The development of preschool education, the transition to a new qualitative level cannot be carried out without the development of innovative technologies.

Innovations define new methods, forms, means, technologies used in pedagogical practice, focused on the personality of the child, on the development of his abilities.

Currently, pedagogical teams of preschool educational institutions are intensively introducing innovative technologies into their work. Therefore, the main task of preschool teachers is to choose methods and forms of organizing work with children, innovative pedagogical technologies that optimally correspond to the goal of personality development.

Innovationth- refers to the creation and use of a new component that causes the environment to change from one state to another.

innovativetechnologies- this is the creation and implementation of something new, the development of new technologies for training and education, as well as the testing of these technologies in an educational institution. These can be new forms of interaction between the teaching staff and parents, interesting ways to develop the creative abilities of children, and so on.

Modern pedagogical technologies in preschool education are aimed at the implementation of federal state educational standards for preschool education.

A fundamentally important aspect in pedagogical technology is the position of the child in the upbringing and educational process, the attitude of adults towards the child. An adult in communication with children adheres to the position: "Not next to him, not above him, but together!". Its purpose is to contribute to the development of the child as a person.

Today we will talk about pedagogical technologies and their effective use in a preschool institution. What does the term "technology" mean?

Technology comes from the Greek word for "skill, art" and "law, science" is the science of craftsmanship.

Technology - this is a set of techniques used in any business, skill, art (explanatory dictionary).

Technology is a tool for the professional activity of a teacher.

Pedagogicaltechnology- this is a holistic scientifically based project of a certain pedagogical system from its theoretical concept to implementation in educational practice. Pedagogical technology reflects the procedural side of education and upbringing, covers the goals, content, forms, methods, means, results and conditions of their organization.

Pedagogical technology functions both as a science that studies the most rational way of learning, and as a system of algorithms, methods and results of activities, and as a real process of education and upbringing.

The essence of pedagogical technology lies in the fact that it has distinct stages (step by step), includes a set of certain professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activity even in the design process.

Pedagogical technologies can be used both in working with children and in working with the teaching staff and parents of pupils.

Today there are more than a hundred educational technologies. Modern educational technologies include:

Main requirements (criteria) pedagogical technologies:

health-saving technologies;

technologies of project activity

research technology

information and communication technologies;

· personality-oriented technologies;

preschooler portfolio technology

game technology

technology "TRIZ"

technologies of the subject-developing environment

Health saving technologies - this is system measures including relationship and interaction all factors educational environment, directed on preservation health child on all stages his learning and development, formation at him necessary knowledge, skills skills on healthy image life . Everybody health savers technologies can divide on 3 groups :

· Technologies maintaining and promoting health.

· Healthy lifestyle education technologies.

· Correctional technologies

This is especially true in the light of the deterioration of the environment, the general picture of health, and malnutrition.

Technologies design activities .

Design activity is a purposeful activity with a specific goal, according to a specific plan for solving search, research, practical tasks in any direction of the content of education.

Project activities in kindergarten are implemented by the child together with the teacher. The goal is to work on a problem, as a result of which the child receives answers to questions.

Technologies research activities

Target research activities in kindergarten - to form in preschoolers the main key competencies, the ability for a research type of thinking.

Research activity helps the child to identify the actual problem and solve it through a series of actions. At the same time, the child, like a scientist, conducts research and experiments.

When organizing work on a creative project, students are offered a problematic task that can be solved by researching something or conducting experiments.

Information and communication technologies .

informational technologies in pedagogy learning called Everybody technologies, using special technical informational funds ( a computer, audio, video ).

Peace, in which the modern child develops is fundamentally different from the world in which his parents grew up. This makes qualitatively new requirements for preschool education as the first link in lifelong education: education using modern information technologies (computer, interactive whiteboard, tablet, etc.).

Computers steel wide used in education, appeared term - " computer technology learning ". Computer technologies develop ideas programmed learning, open absolutely new, more not researched technological options, knitted With unique opportunities contemporary computers and communications .

Learner-Centered technologies put the child's personality at the center of the entire system of preschool education, providing comfortable conditions in a preschool institution for the development of the child's individuality, conflict-free and safe conditions for its development, the realization of existing natural potentials, the creation of conditions for personality-oriented interaction with children in a developing space that allows the child to show their own activity , most fully realize themselves.

Student-centered technology is implemented in a developing environment that meets the requirements of the content of new educational programs.

These are various sensory rooms, corners for individual games and activities.

Technology " Portfoliopreschooler".

A portfolio is a piggy bank of a child's personal achievements in various activities, his successes, positive emotions, the opportunity to relive the pleasant moments of his life once again, this is a kind of development route for the child.

The process of creating a portfolio is a kind of pedagogical technology. There are a lot of portfolio options. The content of the sections is filled in gradually, in accordance with the capabilities and achievements of the preschooler.

Gamingtechnologies

Gaming technologies - here foundation Total preschool education . AT light GEF BEFORE personality child output on the first plan and now Everybody preschool childhood must to be dedicated game .

At This game has many cognitive, educational functions.

innovative technology teaching staff

The education of children is built as a holistic process, united by a common content, plot, character. It includes in sequence:

games and exercises that form the ability to identify the main, characteristic features of objects, compare, contrast them;

· groups of games on the generalization of objects according to certain characteristics;

groups of games, during which preschoolers develop the ability to distinguish real phenomena from unreal ones;

Groups of games that bring up the ability to control oneself, the speed of reaction to a word, phonemic hearing, ingenuity, etc.

The compilation of game technologies from individual games and elements is the concern of each educator.

Technology " TRIZ"

Technology " TRIZ" ( theory of inventive problem solving), which was created by the scientist-inventor T.S. Altshuller.

The teacher uses non-traditional forms of work that put the child in the position of a thinking person. The TRIZ technology adapted to the preschool age will allow educating and teaching a child under the motto "Creativity in everything!" Preschool age is unique, because as the child is formed, so will his life, which is why it is important not to miss this period to reveal the creative potential of each child.

The purpose of using this technology in kindergarten is to develop, on the one hand, such qualities of thinking as flexibility, mobility, consistency, dialectics; on the other hand, search activity, striving for novelty; speech and creativity.

The main task of using TRIZ technology at preschool age is to instill in the child the joy of creative discoveries.

A technological approach, that is, new pedagogical technologies, guarantees the achievements of a preschooler and further guarantees their successful schooling.

Applicationinnovativepedagogicaltechnologiespromotes:

Improving the quality of education;

raising the qualifications of educators;

application of pedagogical experience and its systematization;

use of computer technologies by pupils;

Maintaining and strengthening the health of pupils;

Improving the quality of education and upbringing.

Every teacher is a creator of technology, even if he deals with borrowing. The creation of technology is impossible without creativity. For a teacher who has learned to work at a technological level, the main guideline will always be the cognitive process in its developing state. Everything is in our hands, so they can not be omitted.

And I would like to end my speech with the words of Charles Dickens

Person not maybe on- present improve, if not helps improve others .

Create yourself. As there are no children without imagination, so there is no teacher without creative impulses. Creative success to you!

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What is the innovative activity in the preschool educational institution?

Any innovation is nothing more than the creation and subsequent implementation of a fundamentally new component, resulting in qualitative changes in the environment. Technology, in turn, is a combination of various techniques that are used in a particular business, craft or art. Thus, innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions are aimed at creating modern components and techniques, the main purpose of which is to modernize the educational process. To this end, pedagogical teams in kindergartens are developing the latest models for the upbringing and intellectual development of children, which differ from other preschool institutions. In their professional activities, educators use methodological tools, methods and are fully consistent with the accepted model. Modern preschool educational institutions are used more and more often, and the result of their implementation will be manifested for more than one decade.

What innovative technologies are used in preschool educational institutions?

To date, educational technologies used in kindergartens in our vast country, there are more than a hundred. Among them, close attention should be paid to:

health-saving technologies;
technologies related to project activities;
technologies used in project activities;
information and communication technologies;
technologies focused on each individual person (personality-oriented);
so-called gaming technologies.

What requirements should pedagogical technologies meet?

Experts argue that innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions are not only possible, but necessary. However, it should be borne in mind that there are several strict requirements for pedagogical technologies used in the educational process of preschool children. These include:

Conceptuality, suggesting that the educational process should be based on a certain scientific concept.
Consistency is a requirement that technologies must have all the features characteristic of a system. That is, they must be integral, logical, and their constituent elements - interconnected.
Manageability is a requirement, which means that the teaching staff should be provided with the opportunity to set certain goals, plan the learning process, and correct certain points in the course of work.
Reproducibility is a requirement according to which the technology must be equally effective, regardless of the personality of the teacher who uses it in practice.

Modern without fail must comply with all of the above points.

What can be said about health-saving technologies?

The main goal of teachers who use health-saving technologies in the process of teaching kids is to develop in the child the necessary skills to maintain their health, as well as knowledge related to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The decision to implement a technology depends on several factors, the most important of which are the following:

profile of a preschool institution;
the time during which children are in kindergarten;
the program that guides teachers in their activities;
rules and regulations in force in a preschool institution;
professionalism of teachers;
indicators of the general health of children attending kindergarten.

Advanced innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions are being introduced everywhere, and this trend continues to gain momentum.

A few words about the technologies of project activity

In kindergartens, it is carried out by teachers together with their pupils. The use of innovative technologies in the preschool educational institution in general, and work on various projects, in particular, lead to the fact that the child receives knowledge that is firmly fixed in his subconscious.

Educational projects can be classified as follows:

"Game" - classes that are held in a group in the form of games, dances, exciting entertainment.
"Excursion" - projects, the purpose of which is a comprehensive and multifaceted study of the world and society.
"Narrative" through which kids learn to explain their feelings and emotions through speech, vocals, writing, etc.
"Constructive", aimed at teaching the child to create useful objects with his own labor: build a birdhouse, plant a flower, etc.

Innovative educational technologies in the preschool educational institution contribute to the physical and psychological development of the child, help him gain faith in himself and in his own strength, become independent and responsible. Boys and girls playfully learn the world, and they try to apply the knowledge gained in practice.

What is research technology?

The introduction of innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions involves, among other things, the use of so-called research activities by teachers. What does this mean? First of all, we are talking about the fact that the efforts of educators are primarily aimed at forming an exploratory type of thinking in children. To do this, in the process of teaching preschoolers, teachers resort to such common methods as: posing a problem, its comprehensive analysis, modeling, observation, experimentation, fixing results, searching for solutions and choosing the best of them.

Innovative in preschool educational institutions help "mentors" find an approach to each individual child, take into account his characteristics, character traits and turn classes into an exciting and unusual "adventure". Thanks to this, parents no longer have to persuade their beloved children to go to kindergarten. Kids visit with pleasure and every day enrich their still small store of knowledge.

Application of information and communication technologies in preschool institutions

It is pointless to deny the fact that the modern world is significantly different from the times of youth of our grandparents, and even parents. Today it is already very difficult to imagine that even in the very recent past there was no talk of using any innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions. Today, such advanced technologies as a computer, tablet, or not to surprise a single preschool child. The information age dictates its own rules of the game, which cannot be ignored. The advantages of using information technology in the educational process are obvious. For example, thanks to exciting programs designed to teach a child to read, math, develop his memory and logical thinking to the maximum, a preschooler manages to interest and instill in him a love of knowledge. Animated computer pictures make the baby literally join the monitor and carefully observe what is happening. Children easily memorize new information and then discuss it in a group.

The role of personality-oriented and gaming technologies in preschool educational institutions

The use of personality-oriented, as well as gaming technologies, contribute to the development of the individuality of a preschooler. This is a kind of foundation for the entire educational process. The main focus is on the personality of the child and his specific features. Depending on the abilities of the child, the teacher selects educational games that will help to reveal and develop the child's talent as much as possible. There is no place for authoritarianism, the imposition of opinions and an impersonal approach to the pupil. In a group, as a rule, an atmosphere of love, mutual respect and cooperation reigns.

The large-scale changes implemented in the system of Russian education in recent years necessitate the abandonment of standardized methodological practices in favor of new educational technologies, which are characterized by variability in content, consideration of individual characteristics, and a creative and search component. - not a given of time, but a necessity that allows improving the pedagogical process, contributing to the comprehensive integrated development of preschoolers. At the same time, the introduction of innovative educational technologies in kindergarten is associated with the need to:

identifying the main areas of educational activities that require the inclusion of an innovative component;
determining the essence of the technological support of innovative processes and its inclusion in the material and technical equipment of the preschool educational institution;
systematic design and consistent implementation of qualitatively new organizational and managerial decisions;
defining criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative technologies in order to prevent the so-called. pseudo-novelties.

Innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions: methodological basis and essence

One of the key ideas of modern pedagogical science is the need to find new methods of conducting educational work that fully correspond to the trends of the time, the cognitive needs of pupils and the expectations of parents. Innovations in preschool education are required everywhere, while along with the course towards experimentation and creative understanding of established educational traditions, there is an acute problem of “pseudo-novelty” - the creation of methodological practices and theories characterized by originality of form with mediocre content. In light of this, even educators with many years of experience in practice and talented managers find it difficult to ensure the continuous operation of experimental pedagogical sites and the consistent introduction of innovations in the work of preschool organizations.

Preschool education experts agree that the creation and implementation of innovative ideas in the education system is a prerequisite for the development of a modern kindergarten. In the context of changes in the financing of public institutions, when “money follows a preschooler”, the inclusion of innovative organizational solutions in the daily routine can significantly increase the prestige of the institution and outline further development directions.

The introduction of innovative technologies in the educational process of preschool educational institutions invariably positively perceived by preschoolers, who, due to psychophysical age characteristics, easily change activities. In turn, the majority of the parent community likes the initiative of the teaching staff, and in the context of the need to improve the mechanisms for interaction between the kindergarten and the families of pupils, this moment is also significant.

In order to ensure the consistent implementation of innovative pedagogical solutions that have significant content and are to be introduced into preschool practice, it is important to monitor the compliance of ideas and projects under consideration with a number of requirements. High-quality innovations in preschool educational institutions are distinguished by:

Conceptuality - the presence of a reasonable methodological concept, the content of which determines the features of the practical implementation of the method.
Consistency - the integrity of innovation, the consistency and interconnectedness of its elements. Hotel innovative solutions, reduced to a common denominator, cannot be considered a formed educational technology of a new generation.
Manageability - the ability to change the components of technology when difficulties arise and conditions change. Compliance of innovation with this requirement guarantees for educators the opportunity to set goals, develop tasks and consistently implement a strategy, taking into account the individual component.
Reproducibility - an innovative educational solution is distinguished by the possibility of its repetition at the proper level, regardless of the personal characteristics of the teacher and changes in group educational conditions.

It should be noted that innovative technologies in kindergarten according to GEF should not be limited solely to the educational environment - it is advisable to introduce qualitatively new solutions in the management sphere, personnel activities, the procedure for financing and conducting economic work. But first of all, attention should be focused on those systems of the new generation that make it possible to qualitatively and harmoniously change the traditional process of preschool education. These include the following technologies:

Health-saving, aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of preschoolers, conscious introduction to a healthy lifestyle.
Technologies of project activity are systems of practical work that provide for the formulation of a question and an independent search for an answer.
Experimental, cognitive-research, which are complex practices of observing individual phenomena, studying the properties of objects, followed by the formulation of general conclusions.
Information and communication, implemented by including computer technology, "smart" gadgets in the list of didactic tools.
Personality-oriented - techniques for adapting the conditions of the group educational process to the specifics of each child, taking into account the individual manifestations of his personality.
Game games designed to preserve and consolidate the main method of understanding the world, characteristic of preschool children, through play and creative experimentation, in a fun way

Use of innovative health-saving technologies in kindergarten

In the context of a constant deterioration of the environmental situation and an increase in the rates of acquired chronic diseases, the health of preschool children and the nation as a whole is one of the key priorities of state policy. The introduction of health-saving innovations in preschool educational institutions makes it possible to move from the practice of simple treatment of diseases to effective prevention, consistently ensuring a high level of real health for children and introducing them to a healthy lifestyle. Conceptually, the inclusion of a health-saving component in the educational process is intended to ensure the formation of a conscious attitude of children to health, a general understanding of simple psychophysical processes and factors that affect well-being. Every day, joining preventive practices that combine theoretical and practical components, preschool children learn the principles of self-protection and health promotion, which creates the prerequisites for further pedagogical work to develop deep valeological competence of citizens.

To innovative health-saving technologies and methods in preschool educational institutions the following forms of organization of educational work can be attributed:

physical education classes, morning exercises (traditional, sound, breathing), physical education minutes, warm-up after daytime sleep;
organized outdoor games in a group room and during walks on the street;
physical education walks, sports activities, health days;
hardening and preventive procedures.

Groups of innovative health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions according to GEF (with examples)

Groups of innovative health-saving technologies	Examples	Recommendations for
Health preservation and promotion technologies	Stretching is a set of exercises aimed at strengthening muscle tone through consistent controlled stretching of individual muscle groups. Stretching classes are indicated for children with sluggish posture, muscle weakness, and flat feet.	Age restrictions: with children of middle, senior and preparatory groups. Place: in a group or music room after preliminary airing, with calm musical accompaniment. Duration of classes: no more than 2 lessons per week lasting up to 30 minutes, half an hour after eating.
	Dynamic pauses - are held with preschoolers of different age groups during GCD, teaching game activities in order to prevent fatigue.	Duration - up to 5 minutes.
	Outdoor games - are organized daily with kids of all ages during walks, classes in a group room and a gym.	The content of the games is adjusted taking into account the age characteristics of the pupils. It is allowed to use elements of sports games.
	Finger gymnastics is a targeted developmental program aimed at improving fine motor skills, recommended for all children, especially those with pathologies of speech development.	Organized with children of primary school age and older on an individual or group basis. The timing is at the discretion of the teacher.
	Respiratory gymnastics is a training complex aimed at improving respiratory function, preventing respiratory diseases, and improving cognitive abilities.	Classes are organized after through ventilation of the premises as part of physical education and health work.
	Exercise for the eyes helps to strengthen the muscles of the eyeball, prevent myopia, which is especially important in the context of the systematic (and often uncontrolled) use of gadgets.	It is carried out with pupils, starting from the younger group, in their free time. The duration of the session is 3-5 minutes.
	Corrective training - is an important part of targeted physical culture and health work, is carried out taking into account the health group and the recommendations of the responsible health worker.	During physical education, individually or in groups, no more than 10 minutes.
	Relaxation is a technique, the use of which helps to train the natural mechanisms of relaxation, reduce anxiety, excitability, and aggression.	Suitable for children of different age groups. Relaxation can be carried out in any room where it is possible to provide musical accompaniment (sounds of nature).
Innovative teaching methods preschoolers healthy lifestyle	Physical education classes provided for by the program content.	Held 2-3 times a week with children: early age (class duration - no more than 10 minutes; junior group (15-20 minutes); middle group (20-25 minutes); senior and preparatory groups (25-30 minutes). With the smallest pupils, one should study in a group room, with children of primary preschool age and older - in a music or sports hall after preliminary airing.
	Problem-playing - leisure types of physical activity included by the teacher in the general educational process. It can be game training, game therapy.	In free time, the duration and procedure for conducting is determined by the responsible teacher, taking into account the age of preschoolers.
	Communicative thematic games - conversations on the topic of health, quizzes, contests.	Conducted with older children 4-6 times a month. Communication games are built according to a certain scheme, designed to ensure maximum activity of preschoolers.
	Acupressure is a technique of influencing the active points of the body to activate immune processes.	Massage is performed under the strict supervision of a teacher and a medical worker.
Correctional innovative health saving technologies	Music therapy is an auxiliary part of the complex of physical education, contributing to teaching children to alternate periods of activity with periods of relaxation.	It is recommended to conduct 2-4 targeted classes per month with preschoolers of all age groups, the use of music during health and preventive work.
Correctional innovative health saving technologies	Fairy tale therapy, color therapy - educational methods aimed at strengthening the emotional intelligence of children, reducing the overall level of anxiety.	Innovative training technologies are implemented with children of the senior and preparatory groups.

Examples of innovative change in the field of health care is learning preschoolers hardening and implementation in the educational process of appropriate procedures. Controlled impact on the body of temperature factors contributes to the activation of natural defense mechanisms, which is especially important in a constantly changing environment. The practice of hardening is not new in preschool educational practice, but its competent rethinking makes it possible to provide a noticeable health effect and achieve the goals. When introducing innovations in this area, care should be taken to implement the following principles:

Harmony. Hardening measures should be consistent with regime moments, being their significant component.
Systematic - it is necessary to regularly train the body while maintaining a positive attitude of children.
Accounting for individual factors and health indicators. If a preschooler categorically does not want to take part in hardening procedures, he should not be forced.
Sequence. The intensity of the temperature effect should increase gradually.

New technologies for project activities in preschool educational institutions

To the number examples of innovation, the most successfully implemented in a preschool educational institution, taking into account the Federal State Educational Standard, include projects - problematic educational tasks, participation in the implementation of which ensures the formation of a wide range of competencies of preschoolers - from expanding knowledge about surrounding objects and phenomena to developing skills for well-coordinated team interaction. In the context of rapid technological progress, when standard educational techniques are devalued, one of the main conditions for successful schooling, for which pupils are prepared in kindergarten, is the readiness to independently set tasks and solve them. Moreover, participation in project activities has a positive effect on the development of speech, creative abilities, the formation of adequate self-esteem, and also stimulates the expansion of the natural cognitive potential of pupils. That is why the inclusion of the project method in the list of frequently used pedagogical technologies is the best option for the high-quality implementation of innovations.

A feature of project activities in a kindergarten is:

The need to focus on one educational task. One project - one problem, which should be simple and tangible for pupils of a certain age group (for example, the creation of a mini-museum for which it is necessary to prepare thematic expositions according to given algorithms).
Setting the task of the project lies entirely with the educator due to the inability of preschool children to highlight the contradictions in the surrounding picture of the world.
The activities of a responsible teacher and pupils are built on the principle of active cooperation. It is recommended to involve representatives of families in the search work - this can be the beginning of the introduction innovations in working with parents in preschool educational institutions. Most mothers and fathers have a positive attitude towards such innovations, which contribute to a high level of involvement of adults in the process of educational work, opening up new opportunities for expanding existing pedagogical experience.
Development of the content of projects, taking into account the interest of preschoolers. Imposed ideas will not allow achieving high results, while the integration of favorite cartoon characters and elements of modern technologies into the educational process will ensure an increase in the cognitive activity of children.

Structurally, educational projects differ not only in subject matter, but also in duration (short and long-term), the number of participants (individual, pair, group, family), the priority method of activity (search, creative, game), which guarantees the preschool teacher a wide choice of opportunities for conducting innovative project activities at the level of a group or kindergarten

Children discover the world through exploration, starting with an unconscious tactile familiarity with the surrounding objects and gradually moving to meaningful experimentation. Application innovative teaching methods to achieve a deep understanding of the essence of objects and phenomena by preschoolers, since the knowledge gained in the framework of personal discoveries is the most significant and memorable.

In order to achieve a high level of involvement of children in cognitive research activities, the common methods of which are observations, experiments, work assignments, conversations, experiments with modeling situations, it is recommended to build classes in this area according to the following algorithm:

Children sent to educators identify the simplest problem and suggest ways to solve it (for example, does a stone sink in water).
The proposed options are collectively tested (during the experiment, several stones are immersed in a container of water).
The kids make a conclusion, the results are applied to new data (stones sink in water).

Modern innovative information and computer technologies (ICT) in preschool education

In recent years modern innovative IR technologies occupy a dominant position in preschool education: they are widely used to organize direct educational and methodological work. Educators who have successfully mastered the basics of computer literacy can open up a wide range of opportunities for pupils, and the matter is not limited to showing presentations and educational videos. In the context of a huge selection of local developmental programs, it is very difficult for parents to choose those that fully meet the age and educational needs of the child. Obtaining a competent opinion on this issue allows you to create optimal conditions for the active age development of children, creates the prerequisites for establishing productive interaction between the kindergarten and family representatives, and increases the prestige of the teacher in the eyes of parents.

Special attention deserves the practice of using an interactive whiteboard in a preschool educational institution - a unique educational tool, which, unfortunately, remains inaccessible due to its high cost. The alternative remains the use of a computer, which allows solving exciting educational problems in a playful way and invariably arouses the increased attention of children. Provided that there is short-term access to a PC and little preparatory work is carried out, it is advisable to introduce an innovative component into the traditional educational process by organizing group viewing of training videos, animation that simulates real life situations and allows studying the properties of individual objects and phenomena, listening to musical works. The main condition for the introduction of ICT in kindergarten is compliance with the computer security regime, the popularization of the basics of which is another area for interaction with parents.

Person-oriented innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions

In the conditions of consistent humanization of pedagogy, increased attention to the personality of the child is a basic postulate, the observance of which is promoted by the introduction of personality-oriented innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions. Individualization of education through a change in the role of a preschooler - from an object of education to an independently thinking, active subject - makes it possible to create a conflict-free environment in the group and the institution as a whole, equally comfortable for both kids and teachers. World practice proves that the psychological safety of a child has a beneficial effect on the level of cognitive activity, initiative, allows you to educate comprehensively developed, tolerant, creative children who demonstrate respect for adults and peers.

Within the framework of innovative student-centered pedagogy, it is advisable to single out the following technologies:

humane and personal, fully represented by such software developments: "Childhood", "From birth to school", "Rainbow", "From childhood to adolescence";
technologies of active cooperation, within the framework of which the educational process is built while respecting the equality of the roles of the educator and preschoolers, their equal rights and obligations;
technologies of free education, which provide for the transfer of the initiative to make a number of decisions to kids. By regularly making choices that affect the characteristics of life, a preschooler learns to be aware of the consequences of his actions and be responsible for the decisions made.

successful examples implementation innovative student-centered technologies in education in preschool educational institutions according to GEF is a change in the content of key regime moments. So, the morning meeting, which most educators perceive exclusively as an organizational moment, can be used as a starting point in the daily routine, which allows you to create the prerequisites for trusting communication and establishing a comfortable microclimate in the children's team. The teacher, encouraging children to talk about individual events, impressions, emotional experiences, activates the mechanisms of interpersonal communication, teaches kids to express their attitude to a particular situation, to show tolerance, attentiveness towards peers, analyze their own life experience and defend their judgments, which provides a high level of individualization of education.

Innovative gaming technologies in preschool educational institutions according to GEF

The game is the main way to get acquainted with the outside world, therefore according to GEF innovative gaming technologies in preschool educational institutions should remain the basis of educational activity. Organized game activity has a great cognitive potential - among the games, we should highlight those exercises that allow preschoolers to:

highlight individual features of objects, carry out the simplest classification (“Find the extra”, “Edible-inedible”);
act in accordance with the given rules, getting acquainted with the principles of social interaction (role-playing games "Hospital", "Shop", "Birthday");
distinguish fiction from reality (creative games);
develop communication skills, reaction speed, attentiveness (outdoor games, smart games).

An important component of innovative gaming technology is TRIZ - the theory of inventive problem solving, with the help of which a teacher can present difficult-to-perceive material in a form accessible to students. The methodology of TRIZ pedagogy provides for the possibility of effective teaching of children of any age and has a wide range of different techniques, which creates optimal conditions for the introduction of innovations in the system of preschool education, taking into account the regional factor.

The use of innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions according to the Federal State Educational Standard on the basis of experimental educational sites

In the context of the need for the consistent introduction of innovative educational technologies in preschool educational institutions, a logical step for a preschool organization is to obtain the status of an experimental site, which guarantees ample opportunities for introducing innovative organizational, methodological, pedagogical solutions and enhancing interaction with parents. The assignment of the status of a federal innovation platform is carried out according to the following algorithm:

Not later than September 1, the preschool educational institution submits an application to the coordinating body for the development of innovative infrastructure in the field of education (hereinafter referred to as the Coordinating body), which is formed by representatives of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Rosobrnadzor, interested representatives of federal and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as agreed - members of specialized scientific and public organizations.
Applications are sent to an expert organization (determined on a competitive basis by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation), which, based on the analysis of the application, develops a conclusion.
The coordinating body receives conclusions no later than December 1 and, on their basis, submits to the Ministry of Education and Science a proposal to assign (or refuse to assign) a preschool education institution the status of an experimental site. In the event of a negative response to the application, the kindergarten has the right to submit a second application no earlier than one year later.
At the level of the Ministry of Education and Science, a list of innovative educational sites is approved, after the expiration of the implementation period of which a decision is made to abolish or prolong their activities.

Obtaining the status of an experimental site significantly increases the status of the institution, allows not only to ensure systematic the use of innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions according to GEF but also to attract additional financial resources. At the same time, without proper methodological support, it is difficult to ensure consistent work in the direction, since for some educators the introduction of innovations can become a problem due to the lack of a number of competencies, while for others it will cause difficulties in competently rethinking the existing pedagogical experience. In order to achieve a qualitative, rather than a formal update of the procedure for the provision of educational services and related activities, it is important to introduce innovations in education in a comprehensive manner, which is possible only if educators, methodologists and the administrative staff of the preschool educational institution work together.

The use of innovative technologies in kindergarten

To date, teams of teachers working in preschool educational institutions (DOE) are directing all their efforts to introduce various innovative technologies into their work. With what it is connected, we learn from this article.

What is the innovative activity in the preschool educational institution?

Any innovation is nothing more than the creation and subsequent implementation of a fundamentally new component, resulting in qualitative changes in the environment. Technology, inmy turn, is a combination of various techniques that are used in a particular business, craft or art. Thus, innovative technologies in preschool educational institutions are aimed at creating modern components and techniques, the main purpose of which is to modernize the educational process. To this end, pedagogical teams in kindergartens are developing the latest models for the upbringing and intellectual development of children, which differ from other preschool institutions. In their professional activities, educators use methodological tools, teaching methods and techniques that are fully consistent with the accepted model. Modern educational technologies in preschool educational institutions are being used more and more often, and the result of their implementation will be manifested for more than one decade.

Requirements for pedagogical technologies

Conceptuality, suggesting that the educational process should be based on a certain scientific concept.

Consistency is a requirement that technologies must have all the features characteristic of a system. That is, they must be integral, logical, and their constituent elements must be interconnected.

Manageability is a requirement, which means that the teaching staff should be provided with the opportunity to set certain goals for themselves, plan the learning process, and correct certain points in the course of work.

Reproducibility is a requirement according to which the technology must be equally effective, regardless of the personality of the teacher who uses it in practice.

Modern educational technologies in preschool educational institutions must necessarily comply with all of the above points.

Types of technologies

To date, educational technologies used in kindergartens, there are more than a hundred. Among them, close attention should be paid to:

Health-saving technologies;

Technologies related to project activities;

Technologies used in project activities;

Information and Communication Technologies;

Technologies focused on each individual person (personality-oriented);

So-called gaming technologies.

Modern health-saving technologies

These technologies are being developed to make the transition from simply treating and preventing disease to health promotion as a self-cultivated value.

The goal of health-saving technologies - ensuring a high level of real health of kindergarten pupils, cultivating a valeological culture, i.e. a conscious attitude of the child to the health and life of a person, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it, valeological competence that allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance .

Forms of organization health work:

physical education classes

Independent activity of children

· outdoor games

Morning exercises (traditional, breathing, sound)

motor-improving physical exercises

exercise after nap

physical exercises combined with hardening procedures

physical culture walks (to the park, to the stadium)

physical culture activities

sport holidays

Wellness procedures in the aquatic environment.

Currently existing health-saving educational technologies can be conditionally divided intothree subgroups:

1. Technologies for maintaining and promoting health

Stretching – not earlier than 30 min. after meals, 2 times a week for 30 minutes. from middle age in a gym or music room, or in a group room, in a well-ventilated room, special exercises to music. Recommended for children with sluggish posture and flat feet.

Dynamic pauses – during classes, 2-5 minutes, as children get tired. Recommended for all children as a prevention of fatigue. May include elements of gymnastics for the eyes, breathing exercises and others, depending on the type of activity.

Mobile and sports games – as part of a physical activity, on a walk, in a group room - low, medium and high degree of mobility Daily for all age groups. Games are selected in accordance with the age of the child, the place and time of its holding. In kindergarten, we use only elements of sports games.

Relaxation – in any suitable room, depending on the condition of the children and the goals, the teacher determines the intensity of the technology. For all age groups. You can use calm classical music (Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff), sounds of nature. A special relaxation room has been created in our kindergarten.

Finger gymnastics - With younger age individually or with a subgroup daily. Recommended for all children, especially those with speech problems. It is carried out at any convenient time interval (at any convenient time).

Gymnastics for the eyes – daily for 3-5 minutes. at any free time, depending on the intensity of the visual load from a young age. It is recommended to use visual material, showing the teacher.

Respiratory gymnastics - in various forms of physical culture and health work. Provide ventilation of the room, the teacher instructs the children on the mandatory hygiene of the nasal cavity before the procedure.

Dynamic gymnastics (invigorating) – daily after daytime sleep, 5-10 min.

Corrective gymnastics – in various forms of physical culture and health-improving work. The form of conducting depends on the task and the contingent of children.

Orthopedic gymnastics – in various forms of physical culture and health-improving work. It is recommended for children with flat feet and as a prevention of diseases of the supporting arch of the foot.

2. Technologies for teaching a healthy lifestyle

Physical education – 2-3 times a week in sports or music halls. Early age - in the group room, 10 min. Younger age - 15-20 minutes, middle age - 20-25 minutes, senior age - 25-30 minutes. Before class, it is necessary to ventilate the room well.

Problem-playing (game trainings and game therapy) - in your free time, you can in the afternoon. Time is not strictly fixed, depending on the tasks set by the teacher. The lesson can be organized invisibly for the child, by including the teacher in the process of playing activities.

Communication games – 1-2 times a week for 30 min. from older age. Classes are built according to a specific scheme and consist of several parts. They include conversations, sketches and games of varying degrees of mobility, drawing, modeling, etc.

Classes from the series "Health" - 1 time per week for 30 min. from older age. They can be included in the curriculum as a cognitive development.

In the morning hourspoint self-massage It is carried out on the eve of epidemics, in the autumn and spring periods at any time of the day. It is carried out strictly according to a special technique. Recommended for children with frequent colds and respiratory diseases. Visual material (special modules) is used.

3. Corrective technologies

Technologies of musical impact – in various forms of physical culture and health work; or separate classes 2-4 times a month, depending on your goals. Used as an aid as part of other technologies; to relieve stress, increase emotional mood, etc.

fairy tale therapy – 2-4 lessons per month for 30 minutes. from older age. Classes are used for psychological therapeutic and developmental work. A fairy tale can be told by an adult, or it can be a group story, where the narrator is not one person, but a group of children, and the rest of the children repeat the necessary movements after the narrators.

Color exposure technologies - as a special lesson 2-4 times a month, depending on the tasks. Properly selected interior colors in our group relieve tension and increase the emotional mood of the child.

The health-saving technologies used in the complex eventually form a stable motivation for a healthy lifestyle in the child.

hardening - an important link in the system of physical education of children. It provides training of the body's defenses, increasing its resistance to the effects of constantly changing environmental conditions. Hardening gives a healing effect only under the condition of its competent implementation and the obligatory observance of the followingprinciples:

hardening measures harmoniously fit into all regime moments;

are carried out systematically against the background of the optimal thermal state of children, against the background of their positive emotional mood;

are carried out taking into account the individual, age characteristics of children, the state of health, the level of hardening;

The strength of the impact and the duration of hardening procedures increase gradually.

Any hardening procedure gives a positive result only in the complex of hardening activities carried out in the daily life of the preschool educational institution. The use of special forms of health-saving technologies with the use of a developing health improvement program should lead not only to the preservation, but also to the development of the health of pupils.

Only a healthy child is happy to join in all activities, he is cheerful, optimistic, open in communication with peers and teachers. This is the key to the successful development of all spheres of the personality, all its properties and qualities.

Project activities in kindergarten

Project activity is a didactic means of activating the cognitive and creative development of the child and at the same time the formation of the child's personal qualities. The knowledge acquired by children during the implementation of the project becomes the property of their personal experience. By experimenting, the child is looking for an answer to the question and thereby develops creative abilities, communication skills. Using the project as a form of joint developmental activity of children and adults, teachers organize educational activities in an interesting, creative, productive way.

The use of the project in preschool educational practice has the right to be considered as a pedagogical innovation, since the project method is based on the idea that the cognitive activity of preschoolers is directed to the result that is achieved in the process of joint work of the teacher and children on a specific practical problem (topic).

A feature of project activity in the preschool education system is that the child cannot yet independently find contradictions in the environment, formulate a problem, determine the goal (intention). Therefore, in the educational process of preschool educational institutions, project activities are in the nature of cooperation, in which children and teachers of preschool educational institutions take part, and parents are also involved. Parents become direct participants in the educational process, enriching their pedagogical experience, experiencing a sense of ownership and satisfaction from their success and the success of the child.

In addition, the project method has the form of integrated education for preschoolers, based on the individual interests of children, thus increasing the independent activity of kindergarten students.

Use of ICT (information and computer technology)

Information and computer technologies are actively used both in educational and methodological work of a preschool educational institution. Such classes allow you to integrate audiovisual information presented in various forms (video film, animation, slides, music), activate the attention of children due to the possibility of demonstrating phenomena and objects in dynamics.

For teachers - active users of the Internet, a computer helps to obtain additional information that is not available in printed form, as well as to diversify illustrative material when selecting visual material for classes.

Compared with traditional forms of teaching preschoolers, the computer has several advantages:

Presenting information on a computer screen in a playful way is of great interest to children;

Carries a new type of information understandable to preschoolers;

Movement, sound, animation attracts attention for a long time;

Problematic tasks, encouragement of the child with their correct solution by the computer itself are a stimulus for the cognitive activity of children;

Provides the possibility of individualization of training;

The child himself regulates the pace and number of solved game learning tasks;

In the course of his activities at the computer, the preschooler gains self-confidence, that he can do a lot;

Allows you to simulate such life situations that cannot be seen in everyday life, unexpected and unusual effects;

The computer is attractive to children, like any other new toy, the computer is very “patient”, never scolds the child for mistakes, but waits for him to correct them himself.

Cognitive research activity

The development of the cognitive interests of preschoolers is one of the urgent problems of pedagogy, designed to educate a person capable of self-development and self-improvement. It is experimentation that is the leading type of activity, both in the younger and in the older preschool age, as L.S. Vygotsky.

In the course of experimentation, the child learns the object. In practical activities, it performs and performs a cognitive, orienting and research function, creating conditions in which the content of this object is revealed. For example: in the course of the implementation of the educational project "Autumn", when introducing vegetables to children of the younger group, the teacher conducts the experience "sinking, not drowning" with the children: potatoes, onions, tomatoes. During this experiment, the children learned that the potato sinks, while the tomato and onion float. “What I hear, I forget. What I see - I remember. What am I doing - I understand", Confucius said so many centuries ago.

The method of research teaching should be understood as teaching in which the child is placed in a situation where he himself masters the concepts and approach to solving problems in the process of cognition, to a greater or lesser extent organized (directed) by the teacher. In its most complete, detailed form, research training involves the following:

1) the child identifies and poses a problem that needs to be resolved; suggests possible solutions;

2) checks these possible solutions based on the data;

3) draws conclusions in accordance with the results of the audit;

4) apply findings to new data;

5) makes generalizations.

Developmental learning technology

In traditional education, a system of concepts is set for assimilation through the formulation of these concepts, their definitions. Therefore, there is a strict list of what the student should know. In developing education, scientific concepts exist in an easy version - a way of action.

The child must master this method, its basis, the ability to build a given action, justify, prove it. Therefore, in developmental education, it is undesirable and, apparently, impossible to set ready-made definitions. The formulation of the concept is the result that must be reached in the end, as a result of the analysis.

Changes in content lead to a significant change in teaching methods.

The basis of the traditional teaching method is demonstration of the method, explanation, training, evaluation. This is an illustrative and explanatory method. In developmental education, the subject of which is not a method of action, but a principle, this method is not suitable for the reason that the principle, unlike the method, cannot be demonstrated. Elucidation of the principle is possible only as a result of an independent analysis of the action, situation, conditions and generalization of those objective connections on which this method relies.

Person-Centered Technologies

Student-centered technologies put the personality of the child at the center of the entire educational system, providing comfortable, conflict-free and safe conditions for its development, and the realization of its natural potentials. The personality of the child in this technology is not only a subject, but also a priority subject; it is the end of the educational system, and not a means to some abstract end. Such technologies are also called anthropocentric.

Thus, personality-oriented technologies are characterized by anthropocentricity, humanistic and psychotherapeutic orientation and are aimed at the versatile, free and creative development of the child.

Within the framework of personality-oriented technologies, humane-personal technologies, technologies of cooperation and technologies of free education stand out as independent areas.

The technology of cooperation realizes democracy, equality, partnership in the subject-subject relations of the teacher and the child. The educator and the child jointly develop goals, content, give assessments, being in a state of cooperation, co-creation.

Technologies of free education focus on providing the child with freedom of choice and independence in a greater or lesser area of his life. Making a choice, the child realizes the position of the subject in the best way, going to the result from internal motivation, and not from external influence.

So, all of the above technologies are primarily aimed at improving the quality of education. However, the very concept of "quality of the educational process" is characterized differently from the point of view of each of its participants:

For children, this is learning in an interesting way for them to play.

For parents, this is effective education for children, that is, education according to programs that prepare children well for school:

Training without fatigue;

Preserving the health of children, both mental and physical;

Learning success;

Maintaining the desire to learn;

Ensuring the possibility of admission to a prestigious school;

Teaching prestigious subjects (foreign language, choreography).

For educators, this is, first of all, a positive assessment of their success by the heads of the preschool educational institution and parents:

Successful completion of all training programs by them;

Optimal selection of methods and techniques for working with children;

Maintaining children's interest in the educational process;

Successful development of children in the process of their education;

Preservation of the mental and physical health of children;

Rational use of children's study time and teacher's working time;

Provision of the pedagogical process with all the necessary aids and equipment.

Modern pedagogical technologies, such as collaborative learning, project methodology, interactive interaction, the use of new information technologies, help to implement a student-centered approach to children, providing individualization and differentiation of the pedagogical process, taking into account their abilities and level of development. Today the focus is on the child, his personality, unique inner world. Therefore, the main goal of a modern teacher is to choose methods and forms of organization of the educational process that optimally correspond to the goal of personality development.

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