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“Time wasted is existence; Time used to good use is life." -

Edward Jung

If we analyze the features of the life and work of successful people, it will certainly be found that all of them, as one, say that the most valuable asset that a person has is his time. To manage this valuable asset, they all keep diaries, make plans for work and rest, think over their next steps, and they do it all the time. Such people are always full of ideas, and the number of their cases is simply amazing. But, at the same time, they are happy, smiling, positively disposed; everything they do, they do it with enthusiasm and enjoy it. We can draw a conclusion applicable to such people: they have set themselves a goal - to learn how to use their time efficiently, manage their time, and are systematically moving towards its implementation.

In this article, in the context of applying the best time management practices that apply not only to the successful people described above, but also to each person, I will consider the time management process, the so-called time management, its structure, management methods and planning of work and free time, as well as the technique of organizing working time plans, the possibility of using it in everyday life.

Time management, time management, time management (English, time management) - a technology for organizing time and increasing the efficiency of its use.

Time management is the act or process of exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities in order to specifically increase efficiency and productivity.

Time management can help us to develop a range of skills, tools and methods used in the implementation of specific tasks, projects and goals. This set includes a wide range of activities, namely: planning, allocation, goal setting, delegation, time analysis, monitoring, organizing processes, listing and prioritization.

Initially, time management was attributed only to business or work activities, but over time, the meaning of the term has expanded to include personal time, leisure time.

• Consider a time management system that contains a set of processes, tools, techniques, methods. Such a time management system is a necessity in the development of any project or process, any activity.
• The following processes can be distinguished in the time management system:
• Analysis.
• Modeling strategies based on the analysis.
• Goal-setting: setting a goal or defining a key development direction, defining and formulating a goal(s).
• Planning and prioritization: development of a plan to achieve the set goals and the allocation of priority (primary) tasks for implementation.
• Implementation: specific steps and actions in accordance with the planned plan and order to achieve the goal.
• Monitoring the achievement of the goal, the implementation of plans, summarizing the results. Also, if a person or a group of people who practice time management plan to continue to implement projects, then it is advisable to keep timekeeping and record the results of the analysis of timekeeping in the form of “project cards” (correspondence of time consumption indicators to separately performed tasks) for their further use during the implementation of any projects or programs.

As I wrote above, time management applies to both working time and personal time, rest time. Consider the process of managing working time and the reasons for its shortage.

Working time is the time spent by an employee to perform work, or the time of active stay at work, devoted to the performance of direct official duties. Real working time is considered the time noted in the time sheet, that is, in the document of time spent at work.

Shortage of working time - lack of temporary resource caused by improper organization of the employee's activities, or illiterate organization of activities by the management, which leads to haste, delay in the performance of work, tasks, poor quality work, losses in production, marriage, etc., which ultimately is significant affects the efficiency and results of the entire enterprise.

One of the methods for improving time management in an enterprise is the analysis of the time spent by the head of the enterprise and the heads of functional departments, i.e., to identify the causes of lack of time, an inventory of time is periodically carried out for several working days. When conducting such an inventory, the following points should be of concern to the manager or supervisor:

• lack of a clear work schedule for the current day;
• the secretary or assistant does not know the daily routine of his manager, does not know where he will be at a certain point in the working day;
• due to excessive employment, the manager does not respond to business letters in a timely manner;
• due to lack of time during the working day, the manager is forced to complete work at home;
• frequent phone calls and visits from visitors do not allow you to focus on your main work;
• the manager / leader constantly does the work for his subordinates, because it seems to him that he will do it better;
• a large flow of routine affairs does not give the manager the opportunity to do the main work, there is no delegation of functions;
• working in a constant rush leads to overwork.

If, during the inventory, a shortage of time was revealed, then determining the causes of this phenomenon is necessary and possible. The most typical causes of time shortages are:

• the unplanned nature of the work as a result of the organization of the work process not only of the manager himself, but also of the work style of the entire organization;
• discrepancy between the competencies of the employee and the position he occupies;
• inadequate assessment of one's abilities, speed of work, effectiveness;
• lack of personal interest of the employee (what can I do for the organization, what can I get, what assets do I have), motivation;
• inability to control their needs (in thoughts, nutrition, communication, expression of emotions).

In the context of eliminating the shortage of time, we will consider measures that can improve the quality of time management, its effectiveness:

• 1. Ordering the plans of the day using the Alp method. This method covers five stages:
  • Ordering tasks;
  • Assessment of the duration of actions;
  • Time reservation (in the ratio of 60:40);
  • Making decisions on priorities and delegated tasks;
  • Accounting control.
• 2. Prioritization through ABC analysis.

This technique is based on the fact that the percentage parts of the most important and least important cases in the sum remain unchanged. All tasks are divided into three classes according to their importance. ABC analysis is based on three regularities:

• The most important cases are 15 % their total number, which the specialist is engaged in. The contribution of these tasks to achieve the goal is about 65%;
• Important tasks make up 20 % their total number, their significance for achieving the goal is approximately 20%;
• Less important (minor) tasks account for 65% of their total number, and their significance is 15%.

To use ABC analysis, you must follow the following rules:

• make a list of all future tasks;
• organize them in order of importance and prioritize them;
• number these tasks;
• evaluate tasks according to categories A, B and C;
• tasks of category A (15% of their total number) are solved by the first head;
• category B tasks (20%) are subject to reassignment;
• category C tasks, due to their low significance, are subject to mandatory delegation.
• 3. Accelerated analysis according to the Eisenhower principle.

This principle is auxiliary in those cases when it is necessary to urgently make a decision on the priority of tasks. Priorities are set according to criteria such as the urgency and importance of the task. They are divided into four groups:

• urgent (important) tasks. They are performed by the manager;
• urgent (less important) tasks. The manager can delegate their decision to others;
• less urgent (important) tasks. The manager does not have to solve them right away, but he can solve them himself later;
• less urgent (less important) tasks. The manager must delegate their decision to others.
• 4. Pareto method (80/20 law):
• 80% of tasks can be solved in 20% of the time spent; the remaining 20% ​​of the tasks spend 80 % time spent.
• 5. Self-management is an independent organization by an employee of his own time.
• 6. The Pomodoro Method is a time management technique developed by Francesca Cinilo in the late 1980s. The technique involves breaking tasks down into 25-minute periods, called "pomodoros", followed by short breaks.

Basic principles of the method:

• Decide on the task you will be doing.
• Set the tomato (timer) for 25 minutes.
• Work, no matter what, without distraction until the timer rings.
• Take a short break (3-5 minutes).
• After every 4th Pomodoro, take a long break (15-30 minutes).

Time management helps to more effectively use not only working time, but also leisure time. The actions regulating the effective use of free time, rest time, include the following:

• recommended not to take work home,
• it is recommended to organize life in such a way that it takes a minimum of time,
• carefully plan free time in advance and follow these plans, in particular, regularly practice emotional (theater, concerts, exhibitions, etc.) and physical (sports, fitness) switching,
• use not only weekends for active recreation, but at least one evening of a working day a week,
• use as a mini vacation long weekends and holidays,
• on business trips, plan free time (from several hours to two days) for exploring local attractions,
• during the holidays, establish rules for using the phone, e-mail, the Internet and stick to them.

In the modern world, personal time is a key human resource, often having a much higher value than money, since this time cannot be accumulated or restored. That is why the ability to make the best use of your time and manage it is of essential value for any person. Therefore, it is important to learn how to apply this skill in all areas of life: work, business, creativity, family relationships, etc. The skill of time management provides a person with a huge number of different benefits. For example, a person who knows how to manage time:

• Significantly more often than others, it achieves its goals;
• Achieves his goals many times faster than people who do not have such a skill;
• Able to achieve success in any field of activity;
• Has much more time to relax and do things you love;
• Able to perform many different tasks in a short period of time;
• Has the opportunity to increase their income, create capital, organize a business;
• Can get rid of the feeling of constant fatigue and improve your health;
• Much less affected by stress and negative environmental factors;
• Positively perceives the world around and the events taking place in it;
• Can devote more time to spiritual development and self-improvement, raising children;
• Always has a clear plan of action;
• Has inner freedom and has the ability to choose;
• Able to create favorable conditions and independently control his life.

This is only part of the positive impact that the ability to manage time has on a person's life. It is not just that there is an opinion that people who do not know how to allocate their time cannot find a single free minute, and are constantly busy with something, but all their employment does not bring any sensible results. And people who are able to skillfully manage their time resource can always set aside time for something or for someone, and all their activities continuously move them towards their goals and success.

In this regard, the thought of Henry Ford is close and understandable to me: “I observed that most people were advancing precisely at the time that other people were simply wasting.”

List of used literature:

• 1. Moskvitin G.I. Management. (Textbook) Recommended by UMO in Commerce and Marketing. Second edition. M: Yurayt Publishing House, 2016.
• 2. Moskvitin G.I. Control theory. (Textbook). Recommended by FUGP FIRO. M: Yurayt Publishing House, 2016.
• 3. Theoretical - methodological foundations of decision making. Monograph. Moskvitin G.I.
• 4. Effective time management. B. Tracy
• 5. Time drive. How to manage to live and work. G. Arkhangelsky
• 6. Tough time management: take control of your life. D. Kennedy
• 7. Work less, do more. C. Gleason
• 8. Extreme time management. I. Mrochkovsky, A. Tolkachev
• 9. Practical course on time management. I. Abramovsky
• 10. Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. D. Allen
• 11. Wikipedia. Com

Bezzubenkova M. M.

student of the Faculty of Economics, Management and Finance, ANO VO "Russian New University"

In the hustle and bustle of today, it is very difficult to allocate time and shape your day in such a way as to be in time for everything. Therefore, in this article, we have collected ten of the most useful books on time management for you. Most importantly, take the time now to read them.

This book is originally intended for entrepreneurs, but it is great for creative people who always have a lot of things in mind, as well as freelancers. There is nothing superfluous in the book. She will tell you 13 ruthless truths of time management, teach you to see unnecessary and time-consuming things, and in general will help you become an extremely collected person.

2. Pomodoro time management: How to focus on one thing for at least 25 minutes. Staffan Noetherberg.

Quite an intriguing name, isn't it? In this book, the author shares with the reader a simple but powerful way to properly manage time. Staffan Nöterberg calls this method the "pomato method". We could tell you what this method is, but then it will become completely uninteresting to read the book. Just trust it works.

A very simple and small book that, with the help of 101 tips, will help you organize yourself and cope with laziness. It is suitable for everyone, regardless of the field of activity. And the pocket format of the book allows you to carry it with you everywhere.

The book is written in the form of a very interesting novel, which makes it easier to understand. With the help of it, together with the main character, you will gradually learn to manage your time. What adds value to the book is that it was written by two fairly successful businessmen, and they already know how to manage time.

The title of the book is very similar to the question that everyone has asked themselves at least once. She talks about the so-called "new rich" who want to lead a full and luxurious life without putting it off until later. The author talks about how to become a representative of this type of people, managing your time.

The book is the result of twenty years of work and experience of David Allen. The author will help clear the blockages of existing cases and prioritize planned ones. After reading this book, you will be able to perfectly tune the mechanism of your life and begin to enjoy it, keeping your mind clear and reducing stress levels to a minimum.

Not a single businessman or office worker will understand how difficult it is for a creative person to organize his time, and most importantly, to organize himself. Written by a successful designer based on her own experience, this book will tell you how to set your highest goals, how to identify your best idea, how to meet deadlines, and more.

The book, which has sold over 100,000 copies, teaches you how to manage and pack your day. The author answers the question that certainly worries you, since you are reading this article - “How to do more?”. Written in a simple and step-by-step manner, this book will give you the answer not only to this question, but to many others.

This book tops the US sales charts, and it's no surprise. It will help to cope with the main enemies of modern man: lack of time, money, lack of harmony between work and personal life. The Whole Life book is for anyone who doesn't want to spend their lives at work sacrificing family and friends.

The book is based on Mark Twain's "eat the frog" method first. This refers to the performance of an unpleasant and routine task at the beginning of the day. Brian Tracy uses this method in his book to show you how to manage your own affairs and distribute responsibilities so that there is still time for yourself.

Time management, or the science of how to effectively manage your time in order to do everything, is very popular today. A huge number of books have already been written on this topic and still being written. Entire volumes are published regularly with recommendations from knowledgeable people about what other way there is to make friends with Chronos. Among such a variety, choosing a really useful book that will help streamline your life is not easy. In this article, we will consider five books on time management that have stood the test of time and are a guiding star for many people who once picked them up.

1. David Allen How to get things in order. The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. The book is good because it presents the very basics of time management in a simple and very accessible language. The book, in fact, is not about time, but about planning your affairs. Lyrics and water - a minimum. Clear and concise, logical directions about how much time you can allocate in your schedule for work and leisure, how to deal with things that make your life easier or clog it. The author describes both the classic methods of managing one's own time and gives advice tested on one's own experience.

David Allen is truly considered one of the best time management specialists. The book quickly made the author a star. David Allen's seminars on time management, with which he traveled all over America, gather full houses. He really teaches self-organization, and not just gives the reader lengthy advice about time management.

2. Gleb Arkhangelsky "Time drive: how to manage to live and work." This is not just an exciting book about how to do more and devote your time only to the tasks that are truly close to you. This is a book about the Russian experience. Classic time management techniques and their adaptation to our everyday life, vivid examples from life and practical tasks for those who are just learning the science of time management. Largely due to good humor and simple language of presentation, the book is read in one breath.

3. Timothy Ferris "How to work 4 hours a week and still not hang around in the office" from call to call, live anywhere and get rich. Each of us has heard beautiful phrases more than once about the need to live here and now, you can’t put off life for tomorrow, etc. This is true. However, the reality is that almost every person is busy building their own future, while sacrificing their present. How to make it so that you can start enjoying life here and now? The author of the book shares his experience of rejecting the “postponed life syndrome”. Timothy Ferris proves that proper time management is the path to freedom. Freedom of movement (the author spends most of his time traveling), freedom of action, freedom to dispose of his capital, which only increases regularly, because its owner works ... as much as 4 hours a week!

4. Alan Lacaine, The Art of Being Achieving. This is a real classic work on time management, which many other authors refer to in their works. This book is not to be missed if you are familiar with the basics of the science of time management. Everything is here: from the basic principles of time management to tools that help a person make friends with time. The theory is well diluted with interesting examples from life.

5. Regina Leeds "Full order. A weekly plan to deal with chaos at work, at home and in your head. This book is for those who do not want to spend time studying the theory of time management, but want to go straight to practice. The author gives 2 tasks that the reader must complete in a week. One is for work and the other is for home. After completing the full course of "training", the reader will be able to put things in order in all aspects of life, from relationships with loved ones to the analysis of many years of blockages in the desktop.

There is a popular belief that mastering time management means being 10% effective in what we do and 90% in knowing what not to do. Of course, the above five books are not all good works on time management. However, they are definitely worth reading.

At school and college, we are not taught to manage time, so we work at night, "score" on family and rest, miss deadlines. The only way out of the situation is to engage in self-education. In learning new things, I follow a simple algorithm: define your problem - learn new things - implement in your life and again define the next problem ...
And I suggest starting with books on time management.

In this article, I have compiled a list of books about planning and personal effectiveness that I have read myself and have not regretted the time spent. These books became the basis for my approach to planning and self-organization.

Getting Things Done by David Allen

Time magazine named this book "the best business book of the decade." The book describes the “Getting Things Done”, or GTD, productivity improvement methodology, which literally translates as “bring things to completion.” The GTD methodology allows you to take control of all your affairs in such a way that you know exactly what to do at any given time. I am a big fan of this technique and have been following it for years. My experience is presented in or how you can implement the GTD methodology in Evernote.

"Time Drive" Gleb Arkhangelsky

The book contains a description of a number of classic tools that any person who wants to lead his life productively and efficiently should have in a good way. “Eat a frog” or “break an elephant into steaks” are terms that have firmly entered our lexicon thanks to the author of the book, Gleb Arkhangelsky.

12 Weeks a Year Brian Moran

This is the second time I have recommended this book. Making plans not for a year, but for 12 weeks is the main idea of ​​this book. In the first case, we have one “deadline” - the end of the year, in the second case, the “deadline” comes every 3 months. Practice shows that the presence of clear deadlines in work increases our productivity.

"Jedi Techniques" Maxim Dorofeev

The main message of the book is that you need to save not time, but thought fuel. Thought fuel is a resource of our body that allows us to be conscious and rational. The answer to the question of how to save thought-fuel and how to implement it into our daily lives can be found in this book.

"Tough Time Management" Dan Kennedy

The book is full of technology, practical advice, ideas on how to get the most out of every day. For me, the recommendation in the book to allocate time blocks for various cases is especially valuable and interesting. You can read about block planning.

Do not put off the received information for later. You only have 72 hours to put the books on your reading list, pick up the first one and read it.

And it will be YOUR DECISION!

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